Getting ready for a home appraisal is key to securing an accurate property valuation. A well-maintained and organized home can leave a positive impression, potentially boosting its assessed value. Taking the right steps before the appraisal can make a big difference in the final outcome.

By enhancing your home’s appearance, gathering essential documents, and staying informed about market trends, you can improve your chances of a favorable evaluation. Simple upgrades and proper presentation can highlight your home’s true worth. Follow these practical steps to ensure a smooth and successful appraisal process.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, financial, or real estate advice. Appraisal outcomes vary based on market conditions, property factors, and professional judgment. Consult a licensed expert before making real estate decisions. We are not responsible for actions taken based on this information.

What Is a Home Appraisal?

A home appraisal is a professional property valuation used to determine a property’s market value. It involves an in-person assessment and a financial analysis comparing similar properties. Lenders require appraisals to ensure buyers are not overpaying for a home.

Mortgage lenders use appraisals to protect their investments. They do not want to lend more money than a home is worth. If a borrower defaults, the lender risks losing money on an overpriced property. Home appraisals also benefit buyers by ensuring they pay a fair price. If an appraisal values a home lower than the asking price, buyers gain stronger negotiation leverage.

For example, if a buyer wants to purchase a home for $400,000, but the appraisal values it at $315,000, the buyer can negotiate a lower price. This process prevents buyers from overpaying and ensures lenders finance homes at fair market value.

Appraisals are not just for purchases. Homeowners may also need an appraisal when refinancing a mortgage. Lenders require an updated home value before approving a refinance loan.

It is important to note that mortgage discrimination is illegal across the U.S. Lenders cannot discriminate based on race, sex, age, religion, marital status, disability, national origin, or public assistance use. If you believe you have been discriminated against, you can report the issue to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) or the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB).

Why Home Appraisals Matter

A home appraisal ensures that buyers, sellers, and lenders have a clear understanding of a property’s market value. For sellers, a higher appraisal can justify a strong listing price. For buyers, a lower appraisal can provide negotiation leverage. Lenders also use appraisals to avoid financing properties above their true worth.

By addressing repairs, checking for water damage, and ensuring a pest-free environment, homeowners can increase their chances of receiving a favorable appraisal. Understanding what appraisers look for can help buyers and sellers navigate the real estate process with confidence.

How to Prepare for a Home Appraisal

Preparing for a home appraisal is essential to ensure an accurate property valuation. The more information the appraiser has, the more precise the appraisal will be. By gathering key documents and making minor improvements, homeowners can streamline the process and potentially increase their home’s appraised value.

While some documents may be difficult to access, provide as much information as possible. Appraisers work with what is available, so don’t stress if you are missing certain details. Here’s how to get ready for your home appraisal.

Gather Essential Documents

Having the right paperwork on hand helps appraisers assess your home efficiently. Before the appraisal, prepare the following:

• Legal Description of the Property: Found on the property deed or tax records.
• Most Recent Real Estate Tax Bill: Shows tax obligations and property value trends.
• List of Improvements and Upgrades: Include installation dates and costs of repairs or renovations.
• Surveyor Plot Plan (if available): Helps confirm property boundaries and land size.
• Title Policy with Easement or Encroachment Information: Details any property restrictions or shared access agreements.
• Shared Driveway or Property Agreements: If applicable, provide documents outlining any shared access or maintenance responsibilities.
• Items Included in the Sale (if selling): For example, appliances, light fixtures, or furniture that will remain with the home.
• Recent Property Purchase Details (if purchased within three years): Include the sale price, closing documents, and any additional information.
• Listing and Purchase Agreements (if selling): Provide the broker’s datasheet and any active contracts.
• Homeowners Association (HOA) Fees (if in a condo): List the total monthly or annual HOA dues.
• Home Inspection Reports: Include termite inspections, septic system evaluations, wall system reports, and any other available documentation.

Providing these documents allows the appraiser to better understand the property’s history and any improvements that may impact its value.

Prepare Your Home for the Appraisal

A clean, well-maintained home creates a positive impression and can contribute to a more favorable appraisal. Take these steps before the appraiser arrives:

Declutter and Clean

• A tidy, organized home gives the impression of proper maintenance.
• Remove personal items, excess furniture, and any clutter from rooms and hallways.
• Ensure bathrooms, kitchens, and living spaces are spotless.

Make Minor Repairs

• Fix leaky faucets, cracked tiles, or missing door handles.
• Repaint peeling walls and touch up scuffed surfaces.
• Ensure all lights, appliances, and HVAC systems are working properly.

Ensure Accessibility to Key Areas

• Clear pathways to the attic, basement, crawl spaces, and electrical panels.
• Unlock gates, doors, and garages so the appraiser can inspect all areas easily.

Enhance Curb Appeal

• Maintain the lawn, trim hedges, and remove debris from the yard.
• Sweep walkways, power wash siding, and ensure the home’s exterior is well-kept.

Check Safety and Code Compliance (For FHA or VA Loans)

• Install smoke detectors on every level of the home.
• Ensure handrails are present on all staircases.
• Repair peeling paint inside and outside the home.
• Provide access to crawl spaces and attics for inspection.

A well-prepared home can positively impact an appraisal and lead to a more accurate valuation. By gathering the necessary documents, completing small repairs, and ensuring the property is in good condition, homeowners can help streamline the appraisal process. These steps not only improve the appraiser’s experience but also help secure the best possible outcome for the home’s valuation.

How Much Does a Home Appraisal Cost?

The cost of a home appraisal varies based on the property’s size, location, and the complexity of the evaluation. On average, home appraisals typically range between $300 and $450. However, in some cases, the cost may be higher if the appraiser needs to conduct extensive research or assess unique property features.

Prices also fluctuate depending on the real estate market and geographic location. In some regions, appraisal fees may be lower, while in competitive or high-cost areas, they can exceed the typical range. If a home is larger, has multiple units, or requires a specialized appraisal, costs may increase accordingly.

It’s always a good idea to check with local appraisers or mortgage lenders to get a more accurate estimate based on your specific area.

How Long Does a Home Appraisal Take?

A home appraisal is usually a quick process, typically lasting 30 to 45 minutes. However, if the home is large or has complex features, the appraisal may take longer. During the visit, the appraiser will inspect and photograph every room, including the garage and exterior. They will also take precise measurements to assess the home’s overall size and layout.

Beyond the physical inspection, the appraiser conducts a comparative market analysis. This involves researching recent sales of similar properties in the area to determine a fair market value. After completing the physical assessment and market research, the appraiser prepares a detailed appraisal report.

It usually takes 7 to 10 days for the appraisal company to finalize the report and send it to the borrower. By law, mortgage lenders must provide the appraisal report to the borrower and cannot withhold this information.

What Do Appraisers Look for in a Home Appraisal?

A home appraisal is a crucial step in determining a property’s market value. Appraisers conduct a thorough inspection, looking for structural issues, safety concerns, and market comparisons to assess a home’s worth. The appraisal outcome can impact financing, negotiations, and final sale prices. Here’s a detailed look at what appraisers evaluate during the process.

1. Signs of Disrepair

One of the first things an appraiser looks for is the overall condition of the home. They examine walls, floors, ceilings, carpeting (if applicable), kitchen appliances, bathrooms, HVAC systems, the roof, and the home’s exterior. Any noticeable wear and tear, broken components, or structural weaknesses can lower the property’s appraised value.

Appraisers pay particular attention to:

• Cracks in walls and ceilings, which may indicate foundation issues
• Damaged or outdated flooring, such as warped hardwood, torn carpets, or chipped tiles
• Faulty kitchen and bathroom fixtures, including leaky faucets, outdated countertops, or broken cabinets
• Aging HVAC systems, as heating and cooling efficiency can impact a home’s livability and long-term value
• Exterior damage, including missing roof shingles, chipped paint, or deteriorating siding

If a home has extensive damage, it signals poor maintenance, which can reduce its overall value. Addressing minor repairs before an appraisal can prevent deductions in the final report.

2. Water Damage and Mold Issues

Water damage is a serious concern for appraisers because it often leads to mold and structural deterioration. Mold exposure is a health hazard, and prolonged water damage can weaken a home’s foundation.

Signs of water damage appraisers look for include:

• Water stains on ceilings, walls, or floors
• Peeling or bubbling paint, often caused by moisture buildup
• Soft or sagging drywall, indicating potential water leakage
• Musty odors, a common sign of hidden mold growth
• Mold or mildew spots in basements, attics, or bathrooms

If minor water damage is found, the homeowner may be able to fix the issue before finalizing the sale. However, severe water damage can lead to costly repairs and impact the home’s valuation.

3. Home Size, Layout, and Usable Space

A home’s square footage is a major factor in determining its value. The appraiser will measure the total living space and evaluate how efficiently it is used.

Key aspects of home size and layout include:

• Total square footage and the distribution of rooms
• Number of bedrooms and bathrooms, as more rooms typically increase value
• Upgrades and renovations, such as modernized kitchens, bathrooms, or energy-efficient appliances
• Garage and storage space, as these features add to a home’s appeal
• Lot size, since larger lots often increase property value

For apartments and condominiums, appraisers consider additional factors, including building amenities, shared spaces, and HOA fees. A well-designed home with functional space is more valuable than one with awkward layouts or underutilized areas.

4. Signs of Infestation

Pest infestations can significantly reduce a home’s value and make it difficult to sell. Appraisers check for termites, rodents, cockroaches, and other pests that could damage the property.

Appraisers typically inspect:

• Wooden structures, as termites can cause significant damage
• Windows, doors, and baseboards, where pests often leave droppings or chew marks
• Dark or damp areas, such as basements or crawl spaces, where pests tend to thrive

If an infestation is found, the homeowner may need to hire a pest control service before selling. Buyers are often hesitant to purchase a home with pest problems due to the risk of future damage and costly extermination fees.

5. Comparable Properties and Market Trends

An appraiser will not only evaluate the home itself but also compare it to similar properties in the same area. This process, known as a comparative market analysis (CMA), helps determine if the home’s listing price aligns with the local real estate market.

Factors considered in a market comparison include:

• Recent sale prices of similar homes in the neighborhood
• Property size, layout, and features compared to others in the area
• Age of the home, as newer properties may have higher values
• Local market demand, which influences how quickly homes are selling

If similar homes in the area have recently sold for significantly less than the listed price, the appraiser may adjust the home’s valuation downward. This can impact the buyer’s mortgage approval.

For example, if a buyer plans to purchase a home for $400,000, but nearby comparable homes have sold for $350,000, the lender may only approve a $350,000 mortgage. The buyer would need to cover the remaining $50,000 out of pocket or renegotiate the price with the seller.

What Can Hurt a Home Appraisal?

Certain factors can negatively impact a home appraisal, some of which are beyond a homeowner’s control. However, others can be managed to improve the final valuation.

One key factor is unfinished renovations or repairs. If you are in the middle of a project or have work scheduled, be upfront with the appraiser. Provide estimates, invoices, or documentation to reflect the value of these improvements. This transparency helps the appraiser make a more accurate assessment instead of estimating the impact of unfinished work.

Deferred maintenance can also lower an appraisal value. Small issues left unaddressed—such as water leaks, roof damage, or outdated electrical systems—can signal neglect and reduce your home’s worth. Addressing repairs before an appraisal ensures your home appears well-maintained.

Market conditions and comparable home sales also affect appraisals, but these factors are out of a homeowner’s control. However, making small upgrades and keeping your home in good condition can help counteract any negative market trends.

What Increases the Appraisal Value of a Home?

1. Improve Curb Appeal

A well-maintained yard and entryway make a strong first impression. If you have outdoor space, remove weeds, trim overgrown plants, and clear any clutter from porches or pathways. While expensive landscaping is not necessary, a clean and tidy exterior can enhance your home’s perceived value.

2. Deep Clean and Declutter

A clean, organized home feels more inviting and well-kept. If you are selling, your home is likely already staged and cleaned. However, if you are refinancing, take the time to declutter and clean thoroughly before the appraiser arrives. While general messiness won’t directly affect the appraisal value, a tidy home presents better overall condition.

3. Highlight Home Improvements

If you have recently made upgrades, such as renovating the kitchen, updating bathrooms, installing new flooring, or replacing appliances, inform the appraiser. Providing documentation of these improvements helps justify a higher valuation. However, not all renovations guarantee an increased appraisal value. Before making major updates, consult a real estate professional to determine which improvements offer the best return on investment.

By maintaining your home, making strategic updates, and keeping the property clean, you can improve your chances of receiving a higher appraisal value.

Quick Checklist: How to Prepare for a Home Appraisal

• Gather Key Documents – Property records, tax bills, upgrade receipts, and HOA details (if applicable).
• Clean & Declutter – Make the home tidy, dust-free, and presentable.
• Fix Minor Repairs – Patch up cracks, leaky faucets, broken fixtures, and chipped paint.
• Boost Curb Appeal – Mow the lawn, trim hedges, and clean the entryway.
• Ensure Accessibility – Unlock gates, garages, and key areas like basements and attics.
• Check Safety Features – Install smoke detectors, ensure handrails are secure, and fix peeling paint (especially for FHA/VA loans).

Should I Guide the Appraiser Through My Home?

You do not need to personally guide the appraiser through your home, but you should be available in case they have questions. If you are selling your home with a real estate agent, your agent can accompany the appraiser and provide relevant details.

If you prefer to stay home during the appraisal, that is perfectly fine. However, it’s best to give the appraiser space and avoid following them room to room. They will inspect the entire property, take photos, and assess its condition. If they need information about upgrades, renovations, or specific features, they will ask.

Keep in mind that appraisers work for the mortgage lender, not the homeowner. Due to legal regulations, they may only be allowed to share certain details with the lender. If you have questions about the appraisal findings, your lender will receive the full report and can provide the necessary information.

Who Pays for a Home Appraisal?

In most cases, the buyer pays for the home appraisal, but the mortgage lender is responsible for ordering it. If a buyer backs out of the deal, the appraisal fee is usually non-refundable.

For homeowners refinancing their mortgage, the homeowner typically pays for the appraisal as part of the refinancing process. The cost is an upfront expense and is required before the lender can finalize the loan terms.

Conclusion

Preparing for a home appraisal is a crucial step in securing an accurate property valuation. By gathering essential documents, making minor repairs, and enhancing curb appeal, homeowners can positively influence the appraiser’s assessment. A clean, well-maintained home demonstrates care and increases the likelihood of a favorable valuation. Additionally, understanding market trends and presenting recent upgrades can further justify a higher appraisal. While some factors, like market conditions, are beyond your control, proper preparation can make a significant difference. Whether you’re selling, refinancing, or securing a loan, taking proactive steps ensures a smoother appraisal process. Keep your home in top shape, address necessary repairs, and provide all relevant property details to maximize your home’s appraised value. With the right approach, you can improve your chances of receiving an appraisal that accurately reflects your home’s true worth.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, financial, or real estate advice. Appraisal outcomes vary based on market conditions, property factors, and professional judgment. Consult a licensed expert before making real estate decisions. We are not responsible for actions taken based on this information.

FAQs About Home Appraisals

1. How long does a home appraisal take?

A home appraisal typically lasts 30 to 45 minutes, but larger or complex properties may require more time.

2. What factors can lower a home’s appraisal value?

Deferred maintenance, water damage, pest infestations, outdated features, and unfavorable market trends can negatively impact a home’s appraisal.

3. Can I challenge a low home appraisal?

Yes, you can dispute an appraisal by providing comparable sales data, recent home improvements, and requesting a reassessment if errors exist.

4. Does a messy house affect an appraisal?

Clutter won’t directly lower an appraisal, but a well-kept home creates a positive impression and may influence perceived value.

5. Who pays for a home appraisal?

In most cases, the buyer pays for the appraisal, but if refinancing, the homeowner covers the cost upfront.